/* Keyword values */ text-combine-upright: none; text-combine-upright: all;  /* Digits values */ text-combine-upright: digits;     /* fits 2 consecutive digits horizontally inside vertical text */ text-combine-upright: digits 4;   /* fits up to 4 consecutive digits horizontally inside vertical text */  /* Global values */ text-combine-upright: inherit; text-combine-upright: initial; text-combine-upright: revert; text-combine-upright: unset; 

text-combine-upright

The text-combine-upright CSS property sets the combination of characters into the space of a single character. If the combined text is wider than 1em, the user agent must fit the contents within 1em. The resulting composition is treated as a single upright glyph for layout and decoration. This property only has an effect in vertical writing modes.

This is used to produce an effect that is known as tate-chū-yoko (縦中横) in Japanese, or as 直書橫向 in Chinese.

/* Keyword values */ text-combine-upright: none; text-combine-upright: all;  /* Digits values */ text-combine-upright: digits;     /* fits 2 consecutive digits horizontally inside vertical text */ text-combine-upright: digits 4;   /* fits up to 4 consecutive digits horizontally inside vertical text */  /* Global values */ text-combine-upright: inherit; text-combine-upright: initial; text-combine-upright: revert; text-combine-upright: unset; 

Syntax

Values

There is no special processing.

Attempts to typeset all consecutive characters within the box horizontally, such that they take up the space of a single character within the vertical line of the box.

Attempts to display a sequence of consecutive ASCII digits (U+0030–U+0039) that has as many or fewer characters than the specified integer, such that it takes up the space of a single character within the vertical line box. If the integer is omitted, it computes to 2. Integers outside the range of 2-4 are invalid.

Formal definition

Formal syntax

none | all | [ digits <integer>? ]

Examples

Example using "digits"

The digits value requires less markup than the all value when digits are being combined, but it is currently not very widely supported by browsers.

<p lang="ja" class="exampleText">平成20年4月16日に</p> 

.exampleText {   writing-mode: vertical-lr;   text-combine-upright: digits 2;   font: 36px serif; } 

Example using "all"

The all value requires markup around every piece of horizontal text, but it is currently supported by more browsers than the digits value.

<p lang="zh-Hant">民國<span class="num">105</span >年<span class="num">4</span >月<span class="num">29</span>日</p> 

html { writing-mode: vertical-rl; font: 24px serif } .num { text-combine-upright: all } 

Specifications

See also

Last modified: Feb 5, 2022, by MDN contributors