:invalid
Quick Summary for :invalid
:invalid
CSS pseudo-class represents any <input>
or other <form>
element whose contents fail to validate.
Code Usage for :invalid
/* Selects any invalid <input> */ input:invalid { background-color: pink; }
More Details for :invalid
:invalid
The :invalid
CSS pseudo-class represents any <input>
or other <form>
element whose contents fail to validate.
/* Selects any invalid <input> */ input:invalid { background-color: pink; }
This pseudo-class is useful for highlighting field errors for the user.
Syntax
:invalid
Examples
A form that colors elements green when they validate and red when they don't.
HTML<form> <div class="field"> <label for="url_input">Enter a URL:</label> <input type="url" id="url_input"> </div> <div class="field"> <label for="email_input">Enter an email address:</label> <input type="email" id="email_input" required> </div> </form>
CSS label { display: block; margin: 1px; padding: 1px; } .field { margin: 1px; padding: 1px; } input:invalid { background-color: #ffdddd; } form:invalid { border: 5px solid #ffdddd; } input:valid { background-color: #ddffdd; } form:valid { border: 5px solid #ddffdd; } input:required { border-color: #800000; border-width: 3px; } input:required:invalid { border-color: #c00000; }
ResultAccessibility concerns
The color red is commonly used to indicate invalid input. People who have certain types of color blindness will be unable to determine the input's state unless it is accompanied by an additional indicator that does not rely on color to convey meaning. Typically, descriptive text and/or an icon are used.
MDN Understanding WCAG, Guideline 1.4 explanations Understanding Success Criterion 1.4.1 | W3C Understanding WCAG 2.0Notes
Radio buttons
If any one of the radio buttons in a group is required
, the :invalid
pseudo-class is applied to all of them if none of the buttons in the group is selected. (Grouped radio buttons share the same value for their name
attribute.)
Gecko defaults
By default, Gecko does not apply a style to the :invalid
pseudo-class. However, it does apply a style (a red "glow" using the box-shadow
property) to the :user-invalid
pseudo-class, which applies in a subset of cases for :invalid
.
Specifications
Specification |
---|
HTML Standard # selector-invalid |
Selectors Level 4 # validity-pseudos |
See also
Other validation-related pseudo-classes::required
, :optional
, :valid
Related Mozilla pseudo-classes: :user-invalid
, :-moz-submit-invalid
Form data validation Accessing the validity state from JavaScript Last modified: Jan 3, 2022, by MDN contributors
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